Tree hollows and fallen logs provide important homes for Australian wildlife, but they’re disappearing at an alarming rate. Trees are essential for native wildlife to find food, shelter and places to roost and nest. Hollow-bearing tees are especially important because many species use these hollows daily and seasonally to nest and raise their young.

In New South Wales, at least 174 animal species rely on tree hollows, including 46 mammals species, 81 bird species, 31 reptile species, 16 frog and countless invertebrates. Of these species, 40 are threatened and availability of hollow-bearing trees is crucial for their survival.

Tree hollows take hundreds of years to form but are quickly disappearing due to human activities like land clearing. They are not easily replaced. However we have the opportunity to act and make a difference.

Watch: ‘Home is where the Hollow is’

Let’s work together to protect the homes of the wildlife we love - how you can help;

• - Keep and protect all trees with hollows, even if they are dead.
• - Allow native vegetation to regrow and regenerate.
• - Leave fallen logs and debris on the ground.
• - Learn about the importance of tree hollows as homes and share this knowledge with your neighbours and community.
• - Consider installing nest boxes as a last resort if there are very few natural hollows.
• - Think twice about firewood collection. Make sure firewood is sustainably sourced.

Watch: 'landholders protecting tree hollows'

For more information see www.environment.nsw.gov.au/hollow-homes

Murrumbateman Landcare Group’s recent July Q&A session drew a large and engaged audience – including a strong contingent from the Bowning Bookham Landcare group. With questions submitted ahead of time and a great panel of local experts – Jacqui Stol, Sue McIntyre, and Dave Jarrett (Weeds Officer with Yass Valley Council) – the event sparked a lively and informative conversation that stretched well beyond the scheduled time.

After the formal session, participants stayed on to mingle over drinks and nibbles, sharing ideas and swapping stories. It was clear that the appetite for practical knowledge and peer-to-peer learning remains strong across our region.

The session tackled eight wide-ranging questions – each deserving of a full workshop in itself – covering everything from ecosystems and weeds, to revegetation and the effects of climate change. Here are just a few highlights:

Ecosystem Types in the Southern Tablelands

The Q&A began with an overview of the region’s ecosystems, highlighting the critical conservation value of what remains. Less than 30% of the original Box Gum Grassy Woodlands still exist in the Southern Tablelands – a nationally significant figure given that just 5% remains intact across Australia. Meanwhile, about 50% of the original dry sclerophyll forest is still present, although the ground layer is now heavily modified.

One key takeaway: areas where forest and woodland species mix – the ecotones – tend to be particularly species-rich and are ideal for conservation efforts. Maintaining structural diversity, including patches of bare ground, is also important for supporting different plant species, although this may sometimes conflict with weed control or erosion management.

Designing Effective Windbreaks

Another practical discussion revolved around shelterbelt design. Rather than blocking wind entirely, the goal should be to slow it down by creating windbreaks with plants at varying heights. This helps avoid the creation of wind tunnels and reduces stress on pastures and stock.

Importantly, the panel advised against planting exotic conifers like Leyland Cypress, which can become problematic. Instead, landholders were encouraged to consult resources like Sustainable Farms’ Shelterbelt Guide and consider native alternatives, such as Callitris (native cypress pine).

Weed Management – What’s Changed?

Dave Jarrett provided valuable updates on weed legislation and local priorities. The term “noxious weed” is no longer used, and there is now a focus on “priority weeds”, with different levels of management required depending on their risk.

At the state level, weeds like Parthenium (sometimes found in organic chicken feed) must be eradicated immediately. Regional priority weeds, such as Hawkweed, are also targeted early. At the local level, problem plants include:

• - Serrated Tussock – seeds remain viable for up to 15 years; effective spraying requires treating the whole plant, not just the edge. Think of it as “a bunch of spring onions” – with many individual shoots bundled together.
• - Coolatai Grass, Sticky Nightshade, African Lovegrass, St John’s Wort, and Chilean Needle Grass were also flagged.

Protecting Native Forbs from Grazing

A question about protecting small native plants from grazing prompted some creative strategies. Jacqui shared that she sometimes chases kangaroos away at dusk to give recovering areas a break from pressure – though more systematic approaches were also discussed like maintaining fallen timber and rocks, ecological burns and grazing managment .

Climate Resilience in Revegetation

Finally, the panel tackled one of the biggest questions of all: how can we prepare for projected climate change when planning revegetation?

Key points included:

• - Use Climate Ready plants from local YAN nurseries
• - Choose sites carefully, considering soil fertility and grazing pressure
• - In some cases, soil scalping may be useful to suppress exotic competition
• - And remember: revegetation outcomes are always shaped by climate, grazing, and site conditions

Dive Deeper

This blog only scratches the surface. If you’re keen to read more – including full details of each question and the thoughtful responses from the panel – you can view the complete session notes here:

MLG Q&A July 2025 – Landcare Meeting Summary (PDF)

A big thank you to Murrumbateman Landcare Group for hosting such a valuable event, and to all those who contributed questions, insights and energy on the night. Events like these remind us of the power of community-based learning and the wealth of experience we have within our Landcare networks.

Written by Sarah McGrath, YAN Coordinator

Each year, numerous landholders embark on a journey to revegetate their local landscapes with 'climate-ready' tubestock, grown from carefully sourced seeds by dedicated volunteers at the YAN Landcare nurseries.

Recently, I had the pleasure of visiting two different landholders to check out their 2024 plantings and explore the many and various factors that influence whether their plants are thriving or struggling.

They were enjoyable and fascinating conversations, and a powerful reminder that we are all deeply intertwined with our local environment; even our seemingly small decisions and actions can dramatically shape local ecological outcomes.

These landholders were among the first to commit to monitoring their plantings over the next few years. Each year they will take a couple of photos and check the survival of their plantings. This will be vital feedback for our hard-working nursery volunteers, and it will help us refine our approach, ensuring we're growing the right species and providing the best possible information to everyone receiving plants. If you would like to monitor your plantings from this year, please get in touch!

Some of the strong messages from the visits included:

- Tree guards are really important, even when there are no livestock! Kangaroos and other wildlife can eat and trample both plants and small tree guards. There was a very noticeable difference in survival between those plants that were protected, and those that weren’t. Sturdy cardboard, corflute and/or wire guards can all be appropriate depending on your situation.

- Visit your plantings. Take delight in your hard work and the difference you’re making. Remember that even small adjustments to tree guards, or noticing when extra water is needed, can pay off in the long run.

- A bit of extra water can go a long way. If there is a hot dry spring and/or summer following planting, young plants may need a top up of water.

- Plant the right species in the right landscape position. Some species tolerate wet feet, others need excellent drainage, etc. You will see the best results when you do a bit of planning, drawing on information in the Murrumbateman Landcare planting guide or similar resources.

- Complement remnant vegetation. We can supercharge our plantings by placing them strategically near existing native vegetation. For instance, you can plant close enough to remnants to provide excellent habitat for native animals, while being mindful not to negatively impact mature trees by planting too close.

- Ripping on the contour. If you’re planting a lot of tubestock, ripping can make it easy to plant and help plants get established.

- Even a small number of well positioned plants can make a big difference. It only takes a few plants to provide food, shade and shelter to animals travelling through a landscape.

At one property, we were treated to a magical sight: two scarlet robins and a golden whistler feeding right next to the new plantings. It wasn't hard to imagine these spectacular birds making full use of their new habitat in just a few years' time.

Written by Sonya Duus, Climate Ready Revegetation Project Officer

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The Climate Ready Revegetation Project has been assisted by the NSW Government through its Environmental Trust. Landcare Australia Michael King grants enable us to purchase seed from diverse provenances.

We’re thrilled to share some wonderful news for the Yass Landcare Nursery and the broader Yass community. After many years relying solely on limited tank water, the Yass Landcare Nursery has now been granted access to town water, with water bills waived, thanks to the recent support of Yass Valley Council.

This change marks a huge step forward for the nursery, which produces 3,000–4,000 native plants each year for revegetation projects across the district. Until now, the dedicated team of volunteers who run the nursery have had to make do with rainwater collected from tanks. During dry periods, this often wasn’t enough to keep plants alive and healthy, limiting the nursery’s ability to meet demand and support local environmental restoration efforts.

Access to town water—used only when absolutely essential, means that our volunteers can continue growing a healthy and diverse range of native plants year-round, even in times of drought. This ensures we can keep supporting revegetation, habitat restoration, and other projects both big and small across the Yass Valley.

The announcement was celebrated this week with a visit to the nursery by The Hon. Ron Hoenig MP Minister for Local Govenrment,  The Hon. Wendy Tuckerman MP Member for Goulburn, and Mayor Jasmin Jones. The visit was a valuable opportunity to showcase the nursery’s role in the community and discuss the infrastructure and support needed to keep this special place thriving. One practical issue identified during the visit was the need to repair the community centre guttering, which will improve the efficiency of rainwater collection for the tanks.

The recent Council decision to waive water bills and allow essential use of town water can be found in the July 24 Council meeting agenda (Item 8.6), a strong demonstration of Council’s support for grassroots environmental community groups.

We’d like to say a huge thank you to all of our incredible volunteers, whose ongoing care, advocacy, and commitment have made this possible. Your hard work and persistence are helping to grow a greener, healthier Yass Valley—literally.

Want to get involved?

We’re always looking for more hands to help. Join us for our regular nursery working bees on the second and fourth Saturday of each month, or come along to our National Tree Day celebration on Saturday 26 July, where we’ll be planting around the nursery grounds.

For more information about Yass Landcare and how you can get involved, visit our YAN website or follow us on Facebook.

Written by Sarah McGrath, YAN Local Coordinator